Automatic carving-machine.



No. 758,616. PATENTBD MAY a, 1904.

- F'. P.- BURKHARDT.

AUTOMATIC CARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28, 1903. N0 MODEL. n 7 SHEETBBHBET 1.

PATBNTED MAY s, 1904.

F. P.' BURKHARDI'. AUTOMATIC CARIING` MACHINE.

APPLIGATIO FILED JAN. 29. 1903.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.`

*will PATENTED MAY 3, 1 904.

F. P. BURKHARDT. AUTOMATIC GAMING MAGHINB.

- APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28, 1903.

' 7 SHEETS-SHEET a.

F0 IODEL.

' PATENTBD MAY 3, H042 F. P. BURKH-ARDT. I AUTOMATIC CARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28, 1903.

v1w nomzx..v ,7 Susu-snm 4.

PATENTBD MAX a, 1904.

F. P. BURKHARDT. AUTOMATIC UARVING MACHINE.

...APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28. 1903.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

l0 IODEL.

Wws-

Y 110.758,61@ PATENTBD MAY3,1904.

. F. P. BURKHARDT.

AUTOMATIC GARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28., 1903. l

7 SHEETS-SHEET l8.

n xoDEL.

' TIIL ywMAMM PATENTBD MAY 3. 1904.

No. l158,616.

I F. P. BURKHARDT. AUTOMATIC GARVING MACHINE.y

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28. 1903.

'I SHEETS-SHEET 7.

N0 MODEL.

@MAA/,M Y

Tn: Nonixs Pzrzns co P `UNITED STATES Patented May 3, 1904. l

PATENT OEETCE.

FRANKLIN P. BRKHARDT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO FRANK STREICH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

AUTOMATIC CARVING-NIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 758,616, dated May 3, 1904. Application filed January 28, 1903. Serial No. 140,828. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concer-1e:

State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Automatic Carving-Machine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates toautomatic carvingmachines.

The object of the invention is to provide an automatic carving-machine which is simple in construction and efficient in operation.

The invention consists, substantially, in the construction, combination, location, and relativearrangement of parts, all as will be more fully hereinafter set forth, as shown in the accompanying drawings, and finally set forth in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings and tothe various views and reference-signs appearing thereon, Figure l isa view in front elevation of an automatic carving-machine embodying in its construct-ion the principles of my invention. Fig. 2 is aview inside elevation of the construction shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a view in vertical longitudinal section on the line 3 3, Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 4 is a view in horizontal transverse section on the line 4 4, Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 5 is a view in vertical transverse section on the line 5 5, Fig. 2, looking'in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 6 is a detail view in top plan, parts in horizontal section on the line 6 6, Fig. 5, looking in the direction ofthe arrows. Fig. 7 is a detached detail View in section on the line 7 7, Fig. 2. Fig.`8 is a detail view, in vertical section, on the line 8 8, Fig. 4. Fig. 9 is abroken detail view in section on the line 9 9, Fig. 3. Fig. 10 is a broken detail view,-in top plan, of the free end of the tracer-supporting arm. Fig. 11 is a broken detail view in section on the line 11 11, Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is adetail View, in front elevation, of the free end of the tracer-arm. Fig. 13 is a detached broken detail view, in front elevation, showing the application of the principles of my invention to round or turning work. Fig. 14 is a view in section on the line 14 14, Fig. 13, looking in the direction of the arrows.

The same part is designated by the same reference-sign wherever it occurs throughout the several views.

Referring to the accompanying drawings and to the various views and reference-signs 'appearing thereon, A designates the supporting-base of the framework, having longitudinal tracks or ways B, upon which is mounted to travel or to be moved back and forth thereon a carriage C. Suitably mounted and journaled in bearings formed in said carriage C are vertical shafts D, to which rotation may be imparted in any suitable or convenient manner. rEhe upper ends of the vertical shafts D are journaled in bearings formed in a bracket or frame E, as most clearly shown in Fig. 5. Suitably journaled to swing or rock about shafts D as axes are brackets F, said brackets carrying arms Gr, in the outer or free ends of which are journaled the rotary cutters H. These rotary cutters may be of any convenient construction and arrangement, and rotation may be imparted thereto in any convenient manner. I have shown asimple and eflici'ent arrangement, to which, however, my invention is not to be limited or restricted and wherein belts J, operating over pulleys respectively mounted on shafts D and the shafts carrying the rotary cutters, serve the purpose of driving or rotating said cutters. shown, to which, however, my invention is not to be limited or restricted, each bracket F carries an upper and a lower arm Gr, and hence in the form illustrated as an embodiment of my invention four rotary cutters are employed.

Reference-sign K designates an arm, which I shall designate the f tracer-arm, and in the outer or free end of which is mounted and carried the tracer L, as will be more fully hereinafter set forth. rIhe tracer-arm K is pivotally mounted to rock or swing upon a studbolt M, (see Figs. 4 and 5,) said stud-bolt being mounted in an arm or cross-bar N, carried by or mounted on the shafts D, as clearly shown. Any convenient means may be em- In the particular formsimple arrangement for accomplishing the desired object as illustrative of an operative construction wherein a yoke O is provided and arranged to form a connection between the arms Gr and K, this yoke being pivotally connected to arm K and the two arms of said yoke being pivotally connected, respectively, to the brackets F or to the lower arms Gr thereof, and since each bracket F carries an upper and also a lower arm in the particular embodiment shown it will be evident that when the tracer-arm K is rocked or swunga coincident and similar rocking or swinging movement is imparted to the cutter-carrying arms G.

As'above stated, rotation may be imparted to the vertical shafts D in any suitable or convenient manner. I have shown a simple arrangement of driving mechanism as an illustrative embodiment of an operative means, but to which I do not desire to be limited or restricted and wherein is employed a driveshaft P, adapted to receive rotation through belt Q or otherwise from any convenient source. A belt R, driven from shaft I), opcrates over a pulleys on a shaft T, and the vertical shafts D are driven from shaft T through the intermeshing bevel-gears A', and the rotation thus imparted to the shafts D is transmitted to the rotary cutters H through the belts J, as above explained.

Swinging or rocking movements may be imparted in many specifically different ways to the tracer and cutter carrying arms K and (1, so as to cause the tracer and cutters to sweep over the pattern and work. I have shown a simple arrangement for accomplishing the desired object which I have found efficient, but to which I do not desire to be limited or restricted and wherein the tracer-arm K is provided with an extension or projecting part B', to the free end of which is pivotally connected one end of a link C', the other end of said link being pivotally connected eccentrically to adisk or wheel D'. If desired and in order to insure coincident rocking movements of the cutter-supporting arms and to prevent independent vibrations, the free ends of the cutter-supporting arms may be connected together by pivoted links H2. If desired and in order to adjustably vary the limit of throw or sweep of rocking movement of the tracer and cutter arms, the point of eccentric connection of link C' to the disk or wheel D' may be adjusted radially with respect to said disk or wheel, and a way or track is shown in Figs. 4 and 5 whereby this adjustment may be effected.

Rotation may be imparted to disk or wheel D' in many different ways. I have shown a simple arrangement, to which, however, I do not desire to be limited or restricted, and whereby the speed of swinging movement may be adjusted or varied at pleasure. In the form shown the wheel or disk D' is driven by the frictional contact with the face thereof of a friction drive-wheel E', mounted upon a shaft F', upon which is also mounted a gear G',intcrmeshing with and driven from a wormgear H', mounted on and rotating with shaft T. In order to vary or adjust the speed of swinging or rocking movement of the tracer and cutter arms, provision is made for varying the speed at which the disk or wheel D' rotates. This result may be accomplished in many different ways. I have shown one arrangement` which is simple and eiicient and wherein provision is made for shifting or moving the driving friction gear or wheel E' nearer to or farther from theaxis of the driven wheel or disk D. To secure this adjustment, gear or wheel E' is splined or keyed to shaft F', but is free to slide therealong. A pawl or latch J' is pivotally mounted on a handle K' (see Fig. 9) and is provided witha hooked end arranged to engage a collar or liange on the hub of gear or wheel E'. The pawl or latch J' is provided with a tooth L', arranged to be received in one or another of notches or recesses formed in a bar or part M', carried by or forming part of the traveling carriage C. Thus it Will be seen that by rocking the pawl or latch J', so as to disengage the tooth L' thereof from one of said notches, the friction drive wheel or disk E' may be shifted along shaft F' to any desired point, where it will be locked by causing the tooth L' to enter the corresponding notch or recess. This rocking movement of pawl or latch J' to disengage tooth L' should not be of suflicient extent to disengage the hooked end of such pawl or latch from the flange or collar on the hub of gear wheel E'. In this manner' the drivewheel Il' may be adjusted nearer to or farther from the axis of rotation of friction disk or wheel D', thereby securing the desired adjustments of speed of rocking or swinging movements to be imparted to the tracer and cutter carrying arms. As above indicated, however, myinvention is not to be limited or restricted to the specific character of mechanism employed for imparting swinging or rocking movement to the tracer and cutter carrying arms nor to the specific details of construction shown and described `for securing adjustment of the rate of speed of swinging or rocking movement of said arms, as many variations and changes in the details and arrangement would readily occur to persons skilled in the art and still fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

In the operation of a carving-machine embodying the principles of my invention it is desirable to readily advance or move the work and pattern or the tracer and cutters, so as to effect a progression of the cutters and tracer over the surface of the work and pattern. 1n the particular form,construction, and arrangement of machine which I have shown as an embodiment of my invention, but to which I do not desire to be limited or restricted, I

IOO

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make provision for advancing the carrier upon which the cutters and tracer are mounted or supported, and in carrying out my invention I propose to impart a step-by-step feed or advancement of the carrier C along its tracks or ways B, and in the efficient operation of the machine it is desirable that the advancing or feeding movement of the cutters be accomplished while'the cutters are in the extreme limits of their swinging' or rocking movements, and hence at a time in the operation of the cutters when they are not in engagement with their work. Thus in practice the work is supported upon a suitable table beneath the path traversed by the cutters during their rocking or swinging movement, and consequently at each extreme limit of the swinging movement of the cutter-arms thecutters may be carried slightly beyond the edges of the work. I therefore make provision for effecting the advancing or feeding movement of the cutter-arm-supporting carriage while the cutter-arms are in or occupy the extreme limit of their rocking or swinging movements. To this end I employ feed screws or screw-rods N' O, operating through nuts P', connected to or forming part of the traveling carriage C and bracket E. These screw-rods N O are geared to rotate together or in unison in any suitable manner-as, for instance, by means of a shaft Q, carrying bevel-gears R, respectively meshing with bevel-gears S on said screw-rods N O', so that when rotation is imparted to one of said screw-rods such rotation is transmitted to the other. Any suitable or convenient means may be employed for imparting a step-by-step rotary movement to one or the other of these screw-rods; but in the provision of such means it is desirable, as above explained, to provide for effecting this rotary movement'at the limits of the swing'- ing or rocking movements of the cutter-carrying arms. To accomplish this result I mount upon the rod N', for instance, adjacent to each end thereof, a pendulum A2, .the pendulums being connected together by means of a rod B2. Each pendulumfis provided with a weight C2, which serves to hold the pendulum-arms in a vertical position or to return said arms to such position when displaced therefrom. Suitably secured by spline or key Y or otherwise to the screw-rod N adjacent to the pendulum-arms A2 are gear-wheels D2, with the teeth of which engage pawls E2, pivotally mounted upon the pendulum-arms A2. These gear-wheels may have any desired number of teeth, depending upon the speed of the feed movement desired. Thus when the pendulum-arms A2 are locked in one direction the engagement of pawls E2 with the teeth of gears D2 will impart a rotative movement to said gears, and hence also to the screw-rod N', such rotative movement being transmitted to the screw-rod O', as above explained, and by reason of the fact that the pendulum-'arms A2 are connected together by rod B2 it will be'seen that said pendulum-arms move together or in unison. Suitably lmounted in ways or seats formed in one or the other of the upper cutter-carrying arms G are fingers F2. In practice these fingers are preferably carried by adjustable slide-blocks G2, as clearly shown in Fig. 6, said blocks being adjustably mounted in seats or ways formed to receive the same in arms G2. In practice I arrange one of the fingers F2 on one side of the pivot-shaft D and the other finger on the opposite side of the pivotshaft D. From this arrangement it will be readily seen that when arm (Jr is rocked or swung in` one direction and as it arrives at or approaches the li-mit of its swinging movement one of the fingers F2 will engage rod B2, and thereby swing the pendulum-arms A2, and when the arm G rocks or swings to the opposite limit of its swinging movement the other finger will engage rod B2, thereby rocking or swinging the pendulum-arms in the other direction, and in either case a rotative movement is imparted to the feed-screw rods N O. By shifting the stop-fingers F2 from-one to the'other of the cutter-supporting arms Gr and by suitably reversing the pivoted pawls E2 it will be readily seen that the direction` of the feed movement imparted to the carriage C and the parts supported thereby may be readily reversed, thereby enabling the cutters to progress in either direction during the swinging movements thereof. This I regard as an important feature of my invention, as it enables me to continuously operate the machine in both directionsthat is, after the cutters have progressed to the full length of the work in one direction the movement may be reversed and work accomplished during the reverse traverse or travel of the cutter-supporting carriage and it will be seen that the weights C2 of the. pendulum-frame after being displaced under the infiuence of the engagement of a finger F2 when the cutter-arms are rocked in one direction will return the pendulum-frame to a central position upon the return movement of the cutter-supporting arm, thereby drawing the pawls or dogs E2 idly over one or more of the teeth of gears D2, according to the desired speed of the feed.

From the foregoing description it will be observed that I provide a construction and arrangement wherein longitudinally-reciprocating rotating shafts are avoided. I have found in my experience with carving-machines that where longitudinallyreciprocating rotating shafts are employed dust and dirt or particles of the material detached by the cutters will collect or accumulate on the bearing-surfaces of the reciprocating rotating shafts and cause rapid wear thereof and looseness or lost mo-` tion, which is exceedingly undesirable, as any 'wear or looseness detracts from the finished character of the work produced and prevents sharply-defined duplications of the pattern,

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which becomes noticeable as the wear or lost motion or looseness of the parts increases, thereby destroying or materially detracting from the beauty of the finished product. This objection is especially present where the cutter-shafts are driven at a comparatively high rate of speed, the wear in such cases being rapid, necessitating frequent, in fact almost constant, renewals of the bearings or bushings, and hence greatly adding to the expense of maintenance of the machine, and these objections are obviated in a machine embodying the principles of my invention as herein set forth.

It may sometimes be desirable to produce a carving of increased or decreased relative proportions with respect to the size of the pattern employed. Where the tracer is arranged in axial alinement with the rotating cutters and with the same or coincident extent of lateral swinging movements, the reproductions or work are coextensive or of equal size with respect to the pattern over which the tracer operates. If, however, the tracer be adjusted in one direction or the other in the longitudinal direction of feed or progression of the cutters and tracer so as to be in advance or to the rear of the axial line of the cutters or with reference to a plane containing the cutters, it will be obvious that the relative lengths of the tracer and cutter-carrying arms is varied, thereby enabling the cutters to magnify or to minimize the work produced with reference to the pattern, producing a carving of larger or smaller dimensions relative to the pattern. To accomplish this result, I propose to adjustably mount the tracer L in the outer or free end of the tracer-arm K, and I have shown in Figs. 10, l1, and l2 a simple and convenient arrangement for securing such adjustment. In this construction, to which, however, I do not desire to be limited or restricted, I support the tracer L in a bracket or frame J2, arranged to be adjusted longitudinally with respect to the arm K in any suitable manner as, for instance, by a hand-wheel K2 and rod L2, tapped or threaded through an opening in bracket J The tracer is arranged to project or extend through elongated slots M2 in a housing N2, supported at the free end of the tracer-arm K. Nuts O2 serve to efficiently clamp and hold the tracer in its adjusted position. In this manner the desired adjustments of the tracer relatively to the plane in which the cutters operate may be readily effected.

Ordinarily in automatic carving-machines the work and pattern are clamped or held on suitable tables, and during the relative traverse or feed of such tables and the frame supporting the cutters longitudinal movements are imparted to the cutters. This necessitates the provision of longitudinally-reciprocrating rotating cutter-shafts, as above explained, and in addition imposes upon the pattern the work of raising and lowering the cutter-shafts and frequently their supporting-frames. In accordancewith the principles of my invention I propose to avoid this necessity, and in carrying out my invention I propose to mount the cutters, as above explained, upon arms to which only lateral rocking or swingingmovements are imparted, and I propose to mount the work, as well as the pattern, upon a balanced table, and I proposeto provide a friction mechanism for securing the desired vcr.- tical movements of the table against any suitable tension and in accordance with the design of the pattern, so as to enable the work to be raised and lowered or to be moved toward and from the cutters instead of moving the cutters toward or from or raising or lowering the cutters with reference to the work.

In accordancewith my invention I provide a work and pattern supporting framework, including a frame having bearing-sleeves P2, arranged to slide vertically upon the frameposts Q2. Carried by these sleeves P2 are the work-supporting tables R2, having side bars in which are formed tracks or ways (indicated at S2) extending lengthwise with respect to the machine, adapted to receive the work, (indicated at A3.) If desired, any suitable form of clamp may be employed for clamping the work to the working table. The tables and their supporting-frames and sleeves are yieldingly supported upon springs B, arranged, as shown, to surround the frame-rods Q2.

C2 designates the supporting table for the pattern D2, the pattern-supporting table C being provided with ways S2, similar to the ways formed in the work-supporting tables R2 and for a similar purpose, as above explained. The pattern-supporting table C is suspended from the lower work-supporting table R2 at the corners thereof` by pivoted links E, pivotally connected both to the worksupporting table lR2 and to the pattern-supporting table C, thus permitting free swinging movement to the pattern-supporting table. Adjacent to each of its corners the pattern-supporting table is provided with shoes F3, (see Figs, l, 4, and 8, especially Fig. 4,) arranged to form guideways to receive and embrace endless friction bands or chains G2. These friction bands or chains are preferably formed of connected blocks in the form of endless sprocket-belts arranged to operate vertically around toothed sprocket-wheels H3 J3, the sprocket-wheels H2i being mounted upon shafts K3, and the sprocket-wheels J2 being mounted upon shafts L. Any suitable means may be provided for imparting rotation to the shafts L2-as, for instance, by means of a counter-shaft M2, suitably driven from any convenient source and carrying worms N, respectively arranged to intermesh with and to drive gears O3 on the shafts L3 at a constant speed. The arrangement is such that the inner vertical runs or legs of the IOO IIO

endless friction-belts G3 are on both sides of the pattern carrying table moved downwardly, as indicated by the arrows in Figs. l

' ment of the traveling friction-belts with the bearing-surfaces of the shoes F3, and hence moving the pattern-table downwardly, and as the pattern-table moves downwardly the worksupporting tables R3, upon or from which the pattern-table is suspended through the links E3, are correspondingly moved or drawn downwardly upon the rods Q3 as guides, as will be clearly understood, and against the action of springs B3` the tension of said springs tending to elevate or restore the work-supporting and pattern-supporting tables. The operation of this part of my invention will now be understood. The tracer L, operating over a pattern D3, encountering a raised surface on the pattern during the lateral swinging movements of the tracer-arm K, will exert a' lateral pressure upon the pattern in proportion to the abruptness or acuteness of the raised surface Ain contact with which the tracer-tool moves-or which said tool encounters, thereby exerting a lateral pressure depending in direction of application upon the direction in which the tracer-arm isV moving laterally as Well as the shape and contour `of the pattern-surface over which the tracer is moving. and such lateral pressure exerted upon the pattern and through it upon the pattern-supporting table will press the patternsupporting table in one direction or the other, as the case may be, thereby carrying the guideshoes F3 on one side or the other thereofl or on both sides, as the case may be, into bearing against the constantly-traveling endless friction-belts, thereby lowering the patternsupporting table as well as the work-supporting tables. This result is secured, as above indicated, in whatever direction the patternsupporting table is pressed by reason of the fact that the shoes F3 embrace the traveling friction-belts on three sides, as is most clearly shown in Fig. 4:. Therefore whether the pattern-supporting table is moved transversely or laterally ordis movedendwise or is pressed in any direction out of its normal position some one or another of the shoes F3 will engage some portion'of a corresponding traveling friction-belt. This I regard as a most important feature of my invention, for the reason that thereby I am'enabled to produce exact duplications of the pattern without the employment of longitudinally-reciprocating rotating shafts. Moreover, by this coastruction the tracer-tool is relieved of the work of raising and lowering the cutter-supporting frame, but is only required to produce sufficient lateral or longitudinal pressure on the pattern-supporting table to effect engagement of the shoes with the traveling friction-belts, the work of raising and lowering the pattern and work supporting tables being accomplished by the friction-belts, which are positively driven in' cooperation and acting in oppositionV to the tension of springs B3.

If desired, and preferably, the shoes F3 are made in separate'sections, as clearly indicated in Fig. 4, said sections being adapted to be bolted or otherwise clamped or secured together and in hugging relation withtheir cooperating friction-block belts. Thus by adjusting the clamping-screws of said shoe-sections said sections may be adjusted into such relation with respect to the friction-belts as to maintain any desired degree of contact therewith, while permitting the belts to travel or move therethrough, and consequently the friction mechanism becomes sensitive in the accomplishment of its work to Very slight pressure of the pattern-support, thereby enabling the machine to accurately reproduce delicate designs or patterns.

If desired, and preferably, -a bearing or resistance block may be arranged on the opposite side of the run or leg of the friction-belt from the shoe F3, as indicated at A3, Fig. 8, to take the thrust of the shoe and to secure an efficient operation of the friction mechanism.

In machines of the character to which my invention relates it is important to maintain an accurate balance between the weight of the work-supporting and pattern-supporting tables with the added weight of the work and pattern imposed thereon and the tension of springs B3, so as to enable sensitive work to be accomplished-that is,"so as to enable the friction drive mechanism above described to readily respond to slight variations in the pressure exerted by the tracer upon the design or configurations of the pattern. Ihen this accurate balancing is attained with a certain weight of work or pattern imposed upon the tables, that equilibrium or balance is deranged in case the vweight of the work or pattern should be increased or decreased. For instance, when the machine is employed for wood-carving and the'equilibrium or balance is adjusted for light wood that equilibrium or balance is deranged when heavy wood- 'sucli, for instance, as oal, walnut, or the lilze-is to be operated on. It is therefore desirable in order to readily and adjustably maintain an equilibrium in4 proportional relation to the weight of the work or to the tension of springs B3 to provide means for adjustably varying this proportional relation. To this end I em- IOO ploy a scale device P3, one member of which is connected to a spring Q, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) the other member of said scale device being suitably connected through a link R3 and an ordinary turnbuckle S3 to a crank-arm T:4 upon a shaft A4, suitably journaled in upright standards B4. In the particular form shown l mount upon each end of each of the shafts A4 a segment-gear C4, arranged to mesh with racks D4, formed on or secured to the sleeves P2 of the work-supporting tables. In this manner the tension of springs Q44, operating through the crank-arm T3 and the scale devices, supplements the tension of springs B4, and consequently when the weight of the work varies by suitably adjusting the turnbuckles S equalization or a balanced proportional relation between the weight of the work and the tension of the supporting-springs may be readily secured through the engagement of the segment-gears C4 and racks D4, the scale attachment indicating the degree of adjustment necessary for the turnbuckles S3 to maintain the proportional or equalized balanced relation, as above described. It will be observed that cach of the four sleeves P2 is provided u ith a rack D4 and that the shafts A4 on opposite sidesof the machine extend parallel to each other. By this construction I secure absolute coincidence of movement of the table-supports and without danger of binding of the sleeves upon their guide-rods.

I have described that the friction-belts G3 may be positively driven from any suitable or convenient source. I have shown a simple arrangement utilizing the drive-belt R. As above explained, this drive-beltis driven from a pulley or shaft P, the latter receiving rotation from any suitable or convenient source of power, and this drive-belt operates around pulley S on shaft T to drive the gearing through which the cutters H are rotated and also the gearing through which the lateral swinging or rocking movements are imparted to the cutter and tracer supporting arms. This belt R is also arranged to operate over a pulley E4 on a shaft F4. On this shaft F4 (See the dotted lines in Fig. 1) is mounted a pulley G4, and a belt H4, operating thereover and through a pulley J4 on shaft M3, which drives the latter, and through the gears N3 O3, as above described, are positively driven the friction-belts G3. Itis obvious, however, that any other suitable or convenient form of driving mechanism may be readily devised by one skilled in the art without departing fromsthe spirit or scope of my invention.

In Figs. 13 and 14 I have shown my invention as applied to carving round or turned work and employing a round or turned pattern. In this arrangement I employ rotatable centers K4, cooperating with tail-screws L4, between which the work, as well as the pattern, may be clamped, and by imparting rotation to the centers K4 the work and pattern may be rotated. Thus I have shown a pair of centers and tail-screws for each piece of work and also a pair for the pattern. The tail-screws are carried by bars M4, the ends of which may be slid into the side guides S2 of the work and pattern supporting tables and suitably clamped in position. When it is desired to operate on panel or plane work, the bars M4 may be moved to one end or the other of the work or pattern supporting tables or removed entirely therefrom, as maybe desired. Rotation may be imparted in any suitable or convenient manner to the center K4. 1 have shown an arrangement wherein on the shafts of the centers are mounted sprocket-gears N4, over which is arranged to operate a sln'ocket-ehain O4, and hence by imparting positive rotation to one of the centers-aa for instance, the center of the pattern supporting tablethrough a sproeketdrive-chain P4, driven from a shaft Q4 from any suitable or convenient rotating ordriving part of the machine, all of the centers are coincidently rotated. If desired, and in order to produce left-handed as well as right-handed work from the same pattern, the lead of the sprocket-chain O4 may be suitably changed. For instance, and as indicated in Fig. .13, idler-sprockets R4 may be arranged on opposite sides of the drive-Y sprocket N4 of the pattern-center. Now by leading the drive-chain O4 around the outside of one of the idler-sprockets R4, thence up over and around the sprocket N4 of the pattern-ccnter, thence down underneath and around the other idler R4, and thence around the drivesprockets of the work-centers, it will be readily seen that the work will be driven in the opposite direction with reference to the direction of rotation of the pattern, thereby producing right or left hand work, as the case may be, with the same pattern. Of course it will be understood that with round or turned Work lateral vibrations need not be impart-ed to the tracer and cutters.

From the foregoing description it will be readily seen that a machine embodying the principles of my invention embodies a construction in which the cutters are rotated and are swung or vibrated laterally; but the rotating cutter-shafts are not reciprocated longitudinally nor are the cutter-supporting arms raised or lowered. It will also be seen that a feed is imparted to the carriage upon which the cutter-supporting and tracer-supporting arms are mounted and that this feed is a stepby-step feed, the feed movement being acccomplished only at the limits of the lateral swinging movement of the cutter-supporting arms. In other words, the arcs described by each cutter upon the swinging movements thereof are of the same radius; but the center or axis about which the cutters swing is constantly advanced step by step. By this arrangement it will be seen that the paths or arcs described by the cutters during their laterally-swinging IOO movements approach or converge toward each other at the ends thereof or at the limits of swinging movements imparted thereto. This enables me to secure fine and accurate duplications of the pattern. Moreover, by this arrangement the cutters always operate upon the material laterally, and consequently I am enabled to secure more sharply defined curved surfaces in the work. It will also be seen that the automatic step-by-step feed movements imparted to the carriage upon which the cuttersare supported may be reversed, so as to enable the cutters to voperate when traveling in either direction lengthwise of the machine. .It will also be seen that I secure absolute coincidence of lateral swinging movement ofthe cutter and tracer carrying arms and that the speed of lateral swinging movement may be adjustably varied as desired or according to the character of the work to be produced. It will also be seen that the tracermay be adjusted toward or away from the plane containing the cutters, thereby enabling me to produce work which is either an eXact duplication in size of the pattern or which may be larger or smaller than the pattern. It will also be seen that I secure an efcient equalization or balancing of the work and pattern supporting tables and am enabled to adjust this balanced condition in proportional relation to the weight of the work being operated upon. It will also be observed that the work of moving-that-is, of lowering-the tables and of raising the same is accomplished frictionally, and thus the tracer is relieved from accomplishing this result except to impart a lateral pressure to the pattern and through the pattern to the pattern-supporting table. It will also be seen that both right and-left hand cylindrical or round work may be accomplished with the same pattern and that the machine may be very readily converted or employed for fiat or for round or turned work at pleasure. It will also be seen that the cutters are arranged to operate in constant relation with respect to the grain of the material being operated upon', thus avoiding the danger of splintering and spoiling the work.

It is believed that the operationof the machine will be readily understood from the forgoing description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

It is to be understood that many variations and changes in the details of Aconstruction and arrangement would readily occur to persons skilled in the art and still fall within the spirit and scope of my invention. I do not desire, therefore, to be limited or restricted to the exact construction and arrangement of parts shown and described; but,

Having now set forth the object and nature of my invention and a construction embodying the principles thereof, what I claim as new and useful and of my own invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a carving-machine, and in combination with work and pattern supports, a carriage, tracer and cutter arms supported thereon, means for laterally swinging or rocking said arms, and means for automatically advancing said carriage relatively to said work and pattern supports, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a carving-machine, and in combina' tion with work and pattern supports, a carriage, tracer and cutter carrying arms supy ported upon said carria-ge, means for laterally vibrating or swinging said arms, and feed mechanism for said carriage, said feed mechanism being actuated automatically when said swinging arms approach the limits of their swinging movement, as and for the purpose set forth. Y

3. In a carving-machine, and in combination with work and pattern suppo.rtsa`carriage, tracerand cutter supporting arms carried thereby, means for laterally and coincidently swinging or rocking said arms, feed mechanismffor advancing said carriage, and means arranged in the path of swinging or rockingmovement of said arms for operating said feed mechanism, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a carving-machineand in combination with work and pattern supports, a carriage, tracer vand cutter supporting Varms mounted thereon, means for laterally vibrating or swinging said arms, feed mechanism for said carriage, ratchet mechanism for imparting a step-by-step operation to said feed mechanism, and means arranged in the path of swinging or rocking movement of said arms for actuating said ratchet mechanism at the limit of swinging movement of said arms, asJ

and for the purpose set forth.v

5. In a carving-machine, andin combina- IOO IIO

and cutter arms to secure coincident lateral vibration or swinging movement, means for laterally swinging said tracer-arm,feed-screws for advancing said carriage, and ratchet mechanism arranged in the path of swinging movement of one of said arms for operating said feed-screws, as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a carving-machine, and in combination with work and pattern supports, a carriage, tracer and cutter supporting arms mounted thereon for lateral swinging or rocking movement, a feed-screw for said carriage, and automatic reversible ratchet mechanism arranged to be operated by the swinging movement of one of said arms for operating said feed-screw, as land for the purpose setvforth.

7. In a carving-machine, and in combination with pattern and work supports, a carriage, tracer and cutter supporting arms carried thereby, means for laterally swinging or rocking said arms, a feed-screw for said carriage, ratchet mechanism for actuating said screw, and stops carried by one of said arms arranged to actuate said ratchet mechanism at each limit of movement of said arm, as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a carving-machine, and in combination with work and pattern supports, a carriage, tracer and cutter supporting arms mounted thereon, means for imparting lateral swinging or rocking movement to said arms, stops mounted upon one of said arms and on opposite sides of the axis about which said arm swings or rocks, feed mechanism for said carriage, and means arranged to be engaged alternately by said stops for actuating said feed mechanism, whereby said feed mechanism is actuated at the limits of swinging movement of said arm in both directions, as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a carving-machine, and in combination with pattern and work supports, a carriage, tracer and cutter supporting arms mounted thereon, means for imparting lateral swinging or rocking movement to said arms, a feed-screw for said carriage, gear-wheels mounted on said screw, pendulum arms mounted to swing loosely upon said screw, and carrying pawls, a rod connecting said pendulum-arms, and stops carried by one of said arms and arranged to engage said rod to actuate said pawls, as and for the purpose set forth.

10. In a carving-machine, and in combination with work and pattern supports, a carriage, tracer and cutter supporting arms carried thereby, means for laterally rocking or swinging said arms, a feed-screw for said carriage, weighted pendulum arms loosely mounted upon said screw and carrying feedpawls, gear-wheels mounted upon said screw, and with which said pawls cooperate, a rod connecting said weighted pendulum-arms, and stops adjustably mounted upon one ofsaid arms and on opposite sides of the aXis of rotation thereof, and arranged to engage said rod to rock or swing said pendulum-arms, as and for the purpose set forth.

11. In a carving-machine, and in combination with work and pattern supports, tracer and cutter supporting arms, means for advancing said tracer and cutter supporting arms over the pattern and work gearing for laterally swinging or vibrating said arms, and means for adjustably varying the speed of the lateral swinging or rocking movements of said arms, as and for the purpose set forth.

12. In a carving-machine, and in combinationwith work and pattern supports, tracer and cutter supporting arms, connections between said arms to secure coincident lateral vibration thereof, said tracer-arm having an extension, gearing connected to said extension for imparting lateral vibration to said arm, and means for varying the speed of operation of said gearing to vary the rate of speed of vibration or rocking movement of said arms, as and for the purpose set forth.

13. In a carving-machine, and in combination with work and pattern supports, pivotally-mounted tracer and cutter supporting arms, connections between said arms whereby lateral swinging movement imparted to one of said arms is transmitted coincidently to the other of said arms, said tracer-arm having an extension, a driving-disk, a link pivotally connected to said extension at one end and eccentrically to said` disk at the other end, and an adjustable friction drive-wheel cooperating with said disk, as and for the purpose set forth.

14:. In a carving-machine, and in combination with work and pattern supports, pivotally-mounted tracer and cutter carrying arms, connections between said arms to secure coincident lateral swinging or rocking movement thereof, said tracer-arm having an extension beyond the point of its pivotal support, a disk, a link ecccntrically connected at one end to said disk and at the other end to said extension, a drive-shaft, a friction-wheel mounted thereon to rotate therewith, but capable of longitudinal movement along said shaft, and arranged to cooperate with said disk to drive the latter frictionally, means for adjusting the position of said drive-wheel toward and from the axis of said friction-disk, and means for locking said wheel in adjusted position, as and for the purpose set forth.

15. In a carving-machine, and in combination with pattern and work supports, a carriage, shafts supported therein, gearing for driving said shafts, cutter-supporting arms sleeved to rock about said shaft` and carrying cutters, means for driving said cutters from said shaft, a pivotally-mounted tracer-arm, connections between said tracer and cutter supporting arms to secure coincident lateral swinging movement thereof, means connected to said tracer-arm for .laterally swinging or rocking the same about its pivot, feed mechanism for moving said carriage relatively to said work and pattern supports, and including feed-screws, gearing between said feedscrews to secure coincident operation thereof, and means arranged in the path of swinging movement of one of said arms for automatically operating said feed mechanism, as and for the purpose set forth.

16. In a carving-machine, and in combination with Work and pattern supports, and lateral ly-vibrating cutters, said cutters arranged to vibrate in approximately the same plane a tracer, asupporting-arm therefor, connections between said arm and the supports for said cutters to secure coincident laterally-vibrating movements of said arm and supports, and means for adjusting the position of the tracer toward and from the plane in which said cutters laterally vibrate, as and for the purpose set forth.

IOO

IIO

17. In a carving-machine, and in combination with Work and pattern supports, and laterally vibrating or swinging tracer and cutter supporting arms, a tracer mounted in said tracer-supporting arm, to vibrate in the plane in which the cutters vibrate, means for adjusting said tracer relatively to said arm to vary the position of said tracer with reference to the plane or path of lateral vibration of the cutters, said cutters being arranged to vibrate in approximately the same plane and means for locking said tracer in adjusted position, as and for the purpose sit forth.

18. In a carving-machine and in combination with work and pattern supports, tracer and cutter supporting arms, and means for laterally swinging or rocking said cutters carried in said 'cutter-supporting arms, said cutters arranged to swing or move in approximately the same plane, a slotted housing carried in the free endof said tracer-supporting arm, a block or casting mounted in said housing and carrying a tracer, said tracer extending through the slots in said housing', means for adjusting said block or casting in said housing and longitudinally with respect to said tracer-supporting arm to adjust the tracer toward or from the plane in which the cutters vibrate laterally, and nuts for locking said tracer in its adjusted position, as and for the purpose set forth..

, 19. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanism, and

means for operating the same, pattern and.

work supports, means for yieldingly supporting the same, and friction mechanism for moving said supports against the action of said yielding supporting means, as and for the purpose set forth.

20. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracer and cutter mechanism, and means for operating the' same, a pattern and Work support, means foryieldingly supporting the same, and positively-actuated friction mechanism for moving said supports against the action of said yielding means, as and for.

the purpose set forth.

2l. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanisms, and means for operating the same, work and vpattern supports, said pattern-support being pivotally suspended from said Work-supports, friction drive mechanism arranged adjacent to said suspended pattern-support, and operating when said pattern-support is pressed thereagainst to move said supports, and a spring arranged to oppose said movement, as and for the purpose set forth.

22. In a carving-machine, and in combina tion with tracing and cutting' mechanisms, and means for operating the same, a work-support, a pattern-support pivotally suspended therefrom, positively-driven friction-belts, shoes carried by said pattern-support and cooperating with'said friction-belts, whereby when said pattern-support is pressed toward the friction-belts said/shoes engage said belts and said Support is moved, and means for yieldingly opposing said movement, as and for the purpose set forth.

23. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanisms, and

means for operating the same, a work-table, a f

pattern-supporting table suspended from said Work-table, and carrying shoes, positivelydriven friction-belts arranged to be embraced by said shoes, and a spring arranged to oppose the action of said vfriction-belts, as an for the purpose set forth.

24. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanisms, and means for operating the same, work and pattern supporting-tables, springs arranged to support said tables, positively-driven frictiongearing arranged on opposite sides of said pattern supporting table and operating when said table is pressed against said gearing to move said table against the action of said supporting-springs, and connections between said pattern and work supporting tables, as and for the purpose set forth.

25. In a carving-machine, and in combina- A tion with tracing and cutting mechanisms, and means for operating the same, work and pattern supporting tables, said pattern-s-upporting table being pivotally suspended from said work-supporting tables, guide-shoes carried by said pattern-supporting table on opposite sides thereof, positively-driven coincidentlyoperating friction sprocket-belts operating IOO through said guide-shoes, and springs ar- Y ranged to oppose the action of said frictionbelts upon said table, as and for the purpose set forth. f

26. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanism andv means for operating the same, a Work-supporting table, a pattern-table suspended therefrom, means for yieldingly supporting said work-table, independent means connected to said tables and arranged to support a portion of the Weight of such tables, and means for adjusting said independent means whereby said independent means supports a portion of the weight of the tables in proportion to the IIO weight of the pattern and work placed there- I on, as and for the purpose set forth.

27. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanisms, and means for operating the same, pattern and Work supporting tables, springs for yieldingl y supporting the same,VV independent tension VA`mechanism connectedv to the tables and arranged to exert a supporting tension thereon,

and means for adjusting the tension applied to said tables by said independent tension mechanism in proportion to the weight of the pattern and work, as and for the purpose set forth.

28. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanisms, and means for operating the same, pattern and work supporting tables, springs arranged to support said tables, racks connected to said tables, gears coperating with said racks, auxiliary springs, and adjustable connections between said auxiliary springs and gears, as and for the purpose set forth.

29. In a carving-machine, and in combination Vwith tracing and cutting mechanisms, and means for operating the same, work and pattern supports, springs for yieldingly sustaining said supports, auxiliary springs arranged to apply their tension to aid in sustaining said supports, and including turnbuckles, whereby the tension of said auxiliary springs may be adjusted according to the weight of the work and pattern, as and for the purpose set forth.

30. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanisms, and .means for operating the same, a work-support, including sleeves, guide-rods upon which said sleeves operate, springs for supporting said sleeves, racks carried by said sleeves, gears arranged to engage said racks, a crank-arm for operating saidgears, auxiliary springs, and adjustable connections between said auxiliary springs and crank-arms, as and for the purpose set forth.

31. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanisms, and means for operating the same, a work-support, including a frame having sleeves, guide-rods upon which said sleeves are mounted, springs for supporting said frame upon said rods, a pattern-support pivotally suspended from said work-support, friction drive mechanism arranged to engage said pattern-support when the latter is moved laterally, and operating to move said pattern-support against the action of said springs, auxiliary tension mechanism arranged to be applied to said supports, and including a scale attachment, and means for adjusting said auxiliary tension mechanism, as and for the purpose set forth.

32. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting tools and means for operating the same, work and pattern supports mounted for vertical movement toward and from the tracing and cutting tools, centers carried by said supports, tailpieces coperating with said centers, removable supporting-bars for said tailpieces, means for coincidently rotating said centers, and means controlled by the engagement of the tracing-tool and pattern for moving the work and pattern supports toward and from the tracing and cutting tools, as and for the purpose set forth.

33. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting tools, work and right and left hand work from the same pattern, and means controlled by the engagement of the tracing-tool with the pattern for moving the work and pattern supports toward and from the tracing and cutting mechanism, as and for the purpose set forth.

34. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanism, and means for operating the same, a work-table, a pattern-supporting table connected thereto, shoes carried by said pattern-table, frictionbelts, means for driving the same, said shoes being made in sections and arranged to be clamped together to hug said belts, and means for yieldingly opposing the action of said belts upon said tables, as and for the purpose set forth.

35. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanism, and means for operating the same, a work-supporting table, a pattern-supporting table suspended therefrom, shoes carried by said patterntable, suitably-driven friction-belts arranged to be embraced by said shoes, and means for yieldingly opposing the action of said belts upon said tables, as and for the purpose set forth.

36. In a carving-machine, and in combination with tracing and cutting mechanism, and means for operating the same, a work and pattern support having racks and shafts arranged on opposite sides of said support and carrying gears at each end arranged to engage saidV racks, whereby when either of said shafts is rotatively moved to raise or lower said support all of said gears are operated in unison, as and for the purpose set forth.

37. In a carving-machine, and in combination -with tracing and cutting mechanism, and means-foi'i operating the same, a work and pattern support having guiding-sleeves, guiderods therefor, racks carried by said sleeves, shafts arranged in parallel relation on opposite sides of said supports, and gears mounted on each end of each shaft and engaging said racks, as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 20th day of January, 1903, in the presence of the subscribing witnesses.

FRANKLIN P. BURKHARDT.

Witnesses:

CHAs. H. SEEN, S. E. DARBY.

TOO 

